Mamas Dream in A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry

A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry is about a family living in the slums of Chicago who are financially struggling to get out. The Youngers appear to value money and education more than family, except for Mama who has unwavering resolve throughout the story and puts family first. The Youngers depend on the financial assistance from the check. Mama has the most logical dream of buying a house for the family because the family would have better living conditions, the house could be passed down to further generations, and Ruth could keep the baby she has chosen to abort. Admittedly, one might contend here that Beneatha’s dream of becoming a doctor and Walter’s dream of owning a liquor store is more beneficial because they will eventually earn the money to buy a house for the family. However, neither Beneatha’s nor Walter’s dream will match the immediacy of Mama’s. Her dream of owning a house will transpire, in a shorter amount of time, after she receives the insurance money. The Youngers will not have to demur buying a house to fulfill Beneatha’s and Walter’s dream. First, the Younger’s will have better living conditions and fewer repairs. Lifestyle changes are one of the key reasons people choose to move (â€Å"Our Town America† n.p.). When the Youngers receive the insurance money, the condition of the house is starting to dilapidate and become a health hazard. The Younger household is now a home to indestructible contradictions that were once full of love and careShow MoreRelatedEssay on Compare Contrast a Raisin in the Sun1026 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast A Raisin In The Sun Essay In the play, A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, and 1961 movie written by Lorraine Hansberry and presented by Columbia pictures, one of the most important themes is the American Dream. Many of the characters have hopes and dreams. They all strive towards their goals throughout. However, many of the characters have different dreams that clash with each other. Problems seem to arise when different people’s dreams conflict with one anotherRead More A Comparison of the Dream Deferred in A Raisin in the Sun and Harlem1407 Words   |  6 PagesA Dream Deferred in A Raisin in the Sun and Harlem In Lorraine Hansberrys play A Raisin in the Sun, the author reveals a hard-working, honest African-American family struggling to make their dreams come true. Langston Hughes poem, Harlem, illustrates what could happen if those dreams never came to fruition. Together, both Hansberry and Hughes show the effects on human beings when a long-awaited dream is thwarted by economic and social hardships. Each of the characters in A RaisinRead MoreEssay on Follow Your Dreams1914 Words   |  8 PagesDreams are aspirations that reflect a human’s wants and desires in life. They are a fundamental element that drives human beings to achieve the impossible. Dreams have the ability to motivate oneself to set goals and ideals for the future. Each person in some part of their life has had desires that they would like to accomplish. Without these desires, there is nothing to motivate one’s actions and attitude. However, most people believe that satisfaction only exists once a dream is achieved. LouisaRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin Of The Sun1527 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† is about the Younger Family who live in a small apartment in Chicago. The family is torn apart as every member has different dreams and goals, yet Mama and her daughter-in-law Ruth desperately attempt to hold the family all together. In both the movie and the play, the fami ly’s dreams remain the same. Mama wants her family to get along and she wants to purchase a house. Her son, Walter, wants the life insurance money from his father to invest in a liquor store to achieve hisRead MoreExamples Of Dreams In A Raisin In The Sun849 Words   |  4 PagesHopes and Dreams can take a long period of time to be achieved. A Raisin in the sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry. This story takes place in the 1950s, it is a story that tells readers about daily lives of people of color, their hopes, and dreams in America. Hansberry talks about the younger family. The younger family has to deal with a lot of hard obstacles that a person in America now wouldn’t have had to face. The central idea of A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry is in order to achieveRead Moreâ€Å"A Raisin in the Sun†700 Words   |  3 PagesLorraine Hansberry used symbolism in her successful drama, â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† to portray emotions felt in the lives of her characters and possible her own. Hansberry set her piece in Chicago’s South Side, probably the early 1950’s. During this period in history, many African-Americans, like the Youngers, struggled to overcome the well-known prejudices that were far too familiar. The main scene, in this touching realist drama, is the home of the Youngers, an overcrowded run-down apartment. Read MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1120 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A raisin in the sun† was written by Lorraine Hansberry. The play was not expected to do so well because it had one white cast member, an inexperienced director, and an untried playwright. Set in the south side of Chicago in the 1950s, the play begins in the morning in the Youngers apartment. Their apartment has two bedrooms, one for mama and Beneatha, and one for Ruth and Walter, while Walter’s son Travis sleeps on the couch in the living room. Ruth gets up first and talks and Walter and TravisRead MoreA Dream D eferred - a Literary Comparison1878 Words   |  8 PagesThe Dream Deferred – A Comparison Kristy Andrews Axia College of University of Phoenix In Lorraine Hansberrys play A Raisin in the Sun, the author reveals a hard-working, honest African-American family struggling to make their dreams come true. Langston Hughes poem, Harlem, illustrates what could happen if those dreams never came to fruition. Together, both Hansberry and Hughes show the effects on human beings when a long-awaited dream is thwarted by economic and social hardships. Each ofRead More Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay575 Words   |  3 Pages Conflict in A Raisin in the Sun amp;#9;In the play A Raisin in the Sun, the playwright Lorraine Hansberry depicts the life of an impoverished African American family living on the south side of Chicago. The Youngers, living in a small apartment and having dreams larger than the world in which the live, often use verbal abuse as a way to vent their problems. Many times, this verbal abuse leads to unnecessary conflict within the family. The most frequently depicted conflict is that between WalterRead MoreEssay on Dream Deferred in A Raisin in the Sun1050 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Happens to a Dream Deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore– And then run? (Langston Hughes). It is important to never lose sight of one’s dream. Dreams are what keep people moving in life, but if they are ignored, they may morph and lose their prevailing form. This is evident in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun, as Walter’s, Beneatha’s, and Mama’s dreams become delayed, distorted, and blurred. Walter has long dreamed of making his family’s

A Child s Sense Of Self - 1297 Words

A child’s sense of self as separate from the world is formulated early in development. Children exposed to early trauma, especially by a primary care giver, develop a distorted sense of the self, others, and the world. When exposed to trauma, children become overwhelmed and are unable to effectively self-regulate thus leading to a disjointed sense of self. They have a tendency to lose hope and expect that life will be dangerous thus challenging their ability to survive (Terr, 1992). Survival becomes the predominant drive for children exposed to trauma and their focus becomes toward responding and adapting to a potentially threatening environment. Feelings of trust and the sense of self become compromised as resources are allocated toward coping with threats. Traumatized children experience guilt and low self-esteem and perceive themselves as unlovable and unworthy of protection or love (Johnson, 1985, 1987). The core-concept of an individual is largely influenced by one’s ability to regulate internal emotional states and one’s behavioral reactions to external stress. Children who experience trauma have difficulty managing their emotional states thus leading to poor perceptions of themselves. A distorted sense of self can potentially lead to loss of autobiographical memories, poor body image, and disturbances in sense of separateness in which the person may appear detached and distant (Carr, 2012). It may also lead to difficulty with impulse control which includes aggressionShow MoreRelatedSigmund Freud s Theory Of Human Development1712 Words   |  7 PagesCompared to Sigmund Freud s theory of human development, where he believed our personality is shaped around the age of five, Erik Erickson s (1902-1994) theory focuses on psychosocial development. That being said, psychosocial development is a theory made more specifically for children as they grow to adulthood based on what they ve seen and think from their parents, peers, and their upcoming experiences. He believed that a person s childhood is the important aspect in developing personalityRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Stages1703 Words   |  7 PagesErikson s Psychosocial Stages Erik Erikson discussed psychosocial stages, his theory however was predicated upon Sigmund Freud s theory of psychosexual stages. According to Erikson, the ego develops as it prosperously resolves crises that are distinctly gregarious in nature. These involve establishing a sense of confide in others, developing a sense of identity in society, and availing the next generation prepare for the future. Erikson proposed a lifespan model of developing , taking in fiveRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development1445 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud s work, Erikson s theory centered on psychosocial development rather than psychosexual development. Erik Erikson s theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Unlike Freud s theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson s theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erikson s psychosocialRead MoreWhat Is The Self?928 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the self? According to Gaynesford in his book, The Meaning of the First Person Term, the philosophy of self defines the essential qualities that make one person distinct from all others. There have been numerous approaches to defining these qualities. The self is the idea of a unified being which is the source of consciousness. Moreover, this self is the agent responsible for the thoughts and actions of an individual to which they are ascribed. I believe there are two separate identitiesRead MoreErickson888 Words   |  4 PagesErikson s theory of personality Main article: Erikson s stages of psychosocial development Erikson was a Neo-Freudian. He has been described as an ego psychologist studying the stages of development, spanning the entire lifespan. Each of Erikson s stages of psychosocial development is marked by a conflict for which successful resolution will result in a favourable outcome, and by an important event that this conflict resolves itself around. Favorable outcomes of each stage are sometimesRead MoreChildhood: The Happiest Time of a Persons Life, or Not?877 Words   |  4 Pagessolving skills and the understanding of concepts. Communication and language skills develop with fast vocabulary growth and self expression abilities. Social emotional development takes place. During social-emotional development confidence and a sense of self emerge. This is the time when the development of personality and social relationships occur. Moral development, the sense of right and wrong and learning how to handle feelings in certain situations develop. Children who are physically moreRead MoreChild Development Theories1324 Words   |  6 PagesChild Developmental Theories Ashford University PSY 104 Child and Adolescent Psychology June 29, 2009 Child Developmental Theories While theorists have different ideas and perspectives, insight on child and adolescent development can assist teachers and parents in helping children reach their full developmental and learning potential. Having knowledge about the developmentRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychology1365 Words   |  6 Pagespersonality and sense of self.  The first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, occurs from birth to one year. Erikson defined trust as an essential trustfulness of others as well as a fundamental sense of one s own trustworthiness. He thought that an infant who gets fed when he or she is hungry and comforted when he needs comforting will develop trust. He also said that some mistrust is necessary to learn to discriminate between honest and dishonest persons. If mistrust wins over trust in this stage, the child will beRead MoreAn Analysis of Bastard Out of Carolina by Dorothy Allison1217 Words   |  5 Pagesthe leading mystery of the trouble being caused. She has numerous unha ppy situations and is in no way self-satisfied with herself. She doesn t appreciate who she is physically. She constantly thinks she is the most homely and dull person who causes the most inconvenience in the family. This sense of selflessness is mainly due to the physical and sexual abuse brought upon by Daddy Glen, Bone s stepfather. Unfortunately, the assaults were stretched out over a long period of time, leaving little chanceRead MoreThe Eight Crisis Stages Of Erik Erikson Development Theory1456 Words   |  6 Pagesterms of child development. Psychologist Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt Germany on June 15th of 1902 and died in Harwich Massachusetts on May 12th 1994 as one of the more influential figures in child developmental theories. Mister Erikson was heavily influenced by the work of the famous psychoanalytic theorist Sigmund Freud however influence did not stop him from the belief that Freud s theory misjudged important dimensions of the human development (Santrock, 2012). Erikson s theory

Eygption pyramids Essay Example For Students

Eygption pyramids Essay When most people mention Ancient Egypt the first thing that comes to mind is the Pyramids. To construct such monuments required a mastery of art, architecture and social organization that few cultures would ever rival. The pyramids are said to have built Egypt by being the force that knit together the kingdoms economy. Their creations were so substantial, that the sight of these vast pyramids would take your breath away. Today, the valley of the Nile has an open air museum so people can witness these grand monuments.Obsessed with the afterlife, Egypts rulers of 4,500 years ago glorified themselves in stone, thereby laying the foundation of the first great nation-state. A Pyramid is an enormous machine that helps the king go through the wall of the dead, achieve resurrection and live forever in the happiness of the gods. The start of the Old Kingdom is said to be the building of the Djosers monument. The construction of Step Pyramid of Pharaoh Djoser began around 2630 B.C. and was designed to awe the ancient Egyptians, to impress them with their rules godlike strength. It was the worlds first great construction project; indeed, it was the worlds largest building. Djoser, the second king of the 3rd dynasty, hired an architect called Imhoptep who for the first time constructed a tomb completely of stone. Imhoptep is considered the preeminent genius of the Old Kingdom. He assembled one workforce to quarry limestone at the cliff of Tura, across the Nile, another to haul the stone to the site where master carvers shaped each block and put it in place. The Step Pyramid is a terraced structure rising in six unequal stages to a height of 60 meters, its base measuring 120 meters by 108 meters. The substructure has a system of underground corridors and rooms. Its main feature being a central shaft 25 meters deep and 8 meters wide. The step pyramid rises within a vast walled court 544 meters long and 277 meters wide, in which are the remnants of several stone edifices built to supply the wants of the king in the here after. Towering limestone columns were shaped to mimic the sway and droop of leafy plants. Immovable doors hung on great carved hinges. Facades called false doors through which the pharaohs ka, or vital force, was presumed to pass, lay recessed within walls. The interiors of dummy temples were packed with rubble. Everything about the place bespoke illusion. The Step Pyramid was a ladder. Not a symbol of a ladder but an actual one, by which the soul of a dead ruler might climb to the sky, joining the gods in immortality. No one knows why the Egyptians created this fantastic scene, but some archaeologists speculate that there was an Old Kingdom belief that a work of art, a building, had power and utility in the afterlife in direct proportion to its uselessness in the real world. In this view, each false door, each dummy temple worked in the afterlife precisely because it could not function in this one.On the north side of the pyramid is a small stone cubicle, with a pair of tiny holes in its facade. When you look through these holes, you see two eyes retuning your stare, the blank gaze of a life size statue of Djoser sitting on the throne. The holes are there for the pharaoh to look out perhaps at the stars in the northern sky called the Imperishables because they never set. Many believe that the building of Djosers pyramid complex, which was accomplished by hundreds of workers from across the land, served to join those provinces into the worlds first nation-state. During the Old Kingdom, which began around 2700 B.C. .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 , .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .postImageUrl , .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 , .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:hover , .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:visited , .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:active { border:0!important; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:active , .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5 .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udfe985878cf36549abf492fecd937fc5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Synopsis Of A Clockwork Orange Essay and lasted some 550 years, each pharaoh after Djoser marshaled a vast portion of his countrys manpower and wealth to build his own tomb and ensure his immortality. To build such outstanding monuments required a preciseness of architecture, and years of endless labor from so many Egyptians. The kingdom developed a funerary tradition around the worship of their divine pharaohs, both living and dead. Every aspect of life was affected. The Egyptians dug a network of canals

The Letters That Seemed To Heal Essays - Joey Tribbiani, Fiction

The Letters That Seemed To Heal A letter that seemed to heal I stared into Joey's tear-filled eyes. We sat on the cold cement of my driveway and a soft wind blew my long hair across my emotionless face. The love of my life had cheated on me. I was so hurt, but would not let Joey know. As he poured his heart out to me, my facial expressions remained cold. I could not believe that the one who I trusted more than anything in the world had betrayed me in a state of drunken disillusionment. After Joey confessed his betrayal to me, he wrote me two letters begging for forgiveness. These letters have affected me in so many ways. I have read them at least a thousand times. The letters did not make Joey's actions right but they did make me feel better about myself. The letters also helped us overcome this obstacle in our relationship and grow stronger in our love and our trust. It was just like any other day. I went to school, then met my two friends at a coffee shop. They told me that they had to tell me something and that it was the hardest thing that they had ever had to tell someone. They told me that Joey had been with his ex-girlfriend this weekend while I was out of town. I was shocked and in a state of disbelief. My cheeks burned and turned crimson. Slowly tears began to roll out of my eyes. My friends tried to comfort me, but at the time it seemed impossible. I left the coffee shop and drove to Joey's house. I wanted to hear the truth from his lips. Someone must have called Joey and told him that I was on my way to his house, because as I pulled in the muddy driveway, I saw him. He was sitting on a chair on his porch with his head sunk deep in his hands. I told myself that I would not cry in front of him. I took a deep breath and stepped out of my car. As soon as he saw my face, he burst into tears and I knew it was all true. I know this sounds weird but it was the hardest thing in the world for me not to hold him and tell him that everything was going to be okay. He began to tell me the whole story. I'm not going to elaborate on all the details of his story because they literally make me sick to my stomach. I told Joey that we were going to have to take some time off. He was devastated and was determined to change my mind. In his eyes we had to compromise and work things out. No matter how much I wanted to just forget the whole thing, I could not. It would always be there in the back of my mind and I would never be able to trust him again. The next couple of days were the hardest days that I have ever been through. I woke up the next morning with puffy eyes and an aching headache. The last thing I wanted to do was go to school, but my mom thought that it would take my mind off of everything. The day outside was absolutely beautiful, which made me feel even worse. I though about Joey throughout the day and I couldn't stop thinking about when we would be able to be together again. No, This wasn't right. I shouldn't be thinking about when we will be back together, I should be thinking about how much he hurt me. When what seemed like the longest day of my life came to an end, I walked outside to my car. Tears immediately came to my eyes at the sight of the long stemmed red rose and the two tightly folded letters tucked underneath the windshield wiper of my car. The first thought that came to my mind when I smelled the beautiful rose was I loved this boy with all my heart. I sunk into the gray cloth seats of my car staring at the two letters almost afraid of opening them.

SAGA VENEZUELEAN BOLIVAR FUERTE Essays

SAGA VENEZUELEAN BOLIVAR FUERTE Essays SAGA VENEZUELEAN BOLIVAR FUERTE Essay SAGA VENEZUELEAN BOLIVAR FUERTE Essay The saga of the Venezuelea Bolivar Fuerte QI : Why must a countrys currency must be devaluated? What is failing in the economy? First, the reason would be for stimulating the exports of goods=> more money in the country push the production, economy in general and employment rate and set premises for economic growth. Somewhere between 92 and 94% of export income in Venezuela comes from oil, and the money obtained heavily contribute to the local manufacturing development, and agriculture. By not pushing into this direction the predictable result will be that everything continues to be imported with US dollars => increase in prices => inflation ecurring devaluations. A steep devaluation of a country currency, would be a signal for foreigners to stop investing in the country due to speculations and uncertainty=> push interest rates for loans => increase unemployment and that leads to recession= > devaluation of the currency is not, by far, the best way to improve the economy. Q2: What benefit did the Venezuelean regime in power gain from the repeated devaluation of the bolivar? Venezuelan government devalued its bolivar currency several times between 2005 2010 but in 2011 also cut the preferential rates for food,medicine, and heavy achinery that enjoyed a preferential FX rate: 1BsF = 2. 60/$. The intentaion might be the stimulation of the local production instead of relaying heavily on imports. Although let out of controll the the devaluaton leads straight to years of recession. Venezuelean regime might also devaluing the BsF to avoid to take the inflationary hit (2011) although unfair for the population that was constrainted to accept a brutal increase in all prices, especially the ones for the ordinary food and medicine. The weeks before the devaluation, all the market was in shortages of everything and rices in a matter of a week have gone up six times. Tomatoes, were 5 BsF/ kilo at the local outdoor markets (known as the cheap place to buy fresh food ) and a week later theyd gone up 30 BsF/ kilo (from roughly $1. 5 to $7). l think the business community knew this was coming. Also people speculates that the stores and supermarkets owners held back the merchandise when rumors about devaluation burst and after prices increased they there is no shortage of anything next week if you can afford to pay the prices. Q3: By the time you read this you will know whether the analysts predicting the uture of the bolivar were correct. How did they do? Venezuela devalued its currency for the fifth time in 9 years, between 2003-2012 as President Hugo Chavez seeked to narrow a widening fiscal gap and reduce a shortage of dollars in the economy. The new exchange rate falls by 32% to 6. 3 Bolivar per dollar starting February 2013. The devaluation helped to reduce the budget deficit by increasing the amount of Bolivar the government receives from exports, especially oil. Venezuelas fiscal gap widened to 11% of GDP in 2012 from 4% in 2011, according to Moodys. Annual inflation accelerated to 22. in January, the fastest pace in eight months, led by a Jump in food prices. Prices decreased by 3. 3% in January after rising 3. 5% in December 2012. In the black market, the Bolivar weakened 6% to 19. 53 BsF per $, according to Lechuga Verde, a website that tracks the rates. The devaluation of the Bolivar created frustration and anger not only among the population and the politicians against Chavez, so called Opposition but even financial analys ts and newspapers pro Chavez agreed that devaluation of the Bolivar is a betrayal of the Bolivarian Revolution . Some opines that the betrayal consists in the government not having consulted with the people on the matter beforehand, especially after the people came out to support Chavez and the Bolivarian Process in October 2012 elections. Chavez was not elected President in 2013 but Nicolas Maduro former Minister of Foregin Affairs and Vice President won the elections. (Apr 2013) However population is not over yet the outrage of the devaluation and vote of punishment for the new president is not out of the question, said the analysts. Source: Internet, website articles Lechuga Verde [News

HAYES Surname Origin and Last Name Meaning

HAYES Surname Origin and Last Name Meaning The  Hayes  surname has several possible origins: An English or Scottish place name for a man who lived near an enclosure  haeg  or  heye, an area of forest fenced off for hunting. The Hayes surname may also have been derived from the old English  haes  or the old French word  heis, both meaning brushwood. As an Irish surname, Hayes may be an Anglicized form of the Gaelic surname Ó hAodha, meaning descendant of Aodh. Aodh was a popular given name in early Ireland, adapted from the  old Irish name ed, meaning fire  In County Cork the Ó hAodha surname was commonly Anglicized as  OHea. In County Ulster, it became  Hughes.  Some  uses of the Hayes surname in Ireland, especially in County Wexford, could possibly be of English origin. HAYES was the  100th most common American surname in 1990 but had dropped to #119 by the time of the  2000 U.S. census. Alternate Surname Spellings:  HAY, HAYE, HAYS, HEAS, HEYES, HIGHES, OHEA, HEASE, HEYES, HEISE Surname Origin: English, Scottish, Irish Where in the World is the HAYES Surname Found? The Hayes surname was found throughout Ireland in the mid-19th century, according to The Irish Times map of  Hayes households in the Ireland Primary Valuation property survey of 1847-64. The name was found most prevalently, however, in southern Ireland- especially the counties of Cork, Tipperary, Limerick, and Waterford. Their map of Hayes births between 1864 and 1913 shows the largest number born in the registration district of Limerick, followed by Clonakilty and Cork. According to  WorldNames public profiler, the Hayes surname is found most prevalently in Ireland, followed by Australia, northwest England (around Liverpool),  the United States  and New Zealand. Famous People with the HAYES Surname Rutherford B. Hayes  - 19th president of the United StatesLee Hays - American singer/songwriterHelen Hayes -  American actress; recipient of an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a TonyJoanna Hayes - second American in history to win the Gold medal at the 100-meter hurdlesBob Hayes -  American sprinter and football playerCharles Melville Hays - a victim of the 1912 Titanic disasterSir John Hayes - explorer for the British East India CompanyIra Hamilton Hayes  - Hero who raised U.S. flag at Iwo JimaHunter Hayes  - American country singerAlexander Hayes  - Union army general in the Civil War Genealogy Resources for the Surname HAYES Meanings of Common Scottish Surnames: Uncover the meaning of your Scottish last name with this free guide to the meanings and origins of common Scottish surnames.Meanings and Origins of Common Surnames of Ireland: Ireland was one of the first countries to adopt hereditary surnames. Here are the meanings of fifty of the most common surnames in Ireland.My FamilyTree DNA Hayes Project: Over 185 members have already joined this DNA genealogy project, working together to connect the results of genetic ancestral testing, with traditional genealogy research, to place members in various family lines.Hayes Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Hayes surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Hayes surname query.FamilySearch - HAYES Genealogy: Explore over 5 million results, including digitized records, database entries, and online family trees for the Hayes surname and its variations on the FREE FamilySearch website, courtesy of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. HAYES Surname Family Mailing Lists: RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Hayes surname.DistantCousin.com - HAYES Genealogy Family History: Explore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Hayes.The Hayes Genealogy and Family Tree Page: Browse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Hayes surname from the website of Genealogy Today. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Charles Manson Law Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Charles Manson Law Case Study - Essay Example From the time he was released from prison in 1967, Mason engages in a series of criminal activities from murder, torture and rape to the leading of a criminal sect referred to as â€Å"The Family†. Charles Manson was arrested in 1969 and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1972. Many sociologists and psychologists have argued that the reasons for Manson’s criminal activity are linked to his juvenile delinquency and his upbringing (Koopmans 1-3). Discussion a) There are several theories postulated by researchers on the reasons for juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency can be attributed to Albert Bandura’s social learning theory which postulates that human learning is a function of cognitive, behavioral and environmental factors. Merton proposed that society usually makes people aspire to better their lives. When there is a blockage of avenues to attain the upward mobility, people resort to crime. Agnew’s general strain theory is the best in explaining ju venile delinquency. According to Agnew, juveniles resort to delinquency as a result of the experience of horrible events or circumstances such as violence especially in the home. Agnew postulates that juveniles turn into delinquents as a result of negative emotional reactions arising from aversive situations from which they find it difficult to escape. The inability of escape leads to frustration and may be exhibited through anger based delinquency. The action of Charles Manson who was born in an environment in which he faced rejection from his mother was therefore a fertile ground for the development of aversive behavior (Koopmans 34-40). The general strain theory, the hostility, emotional atmosphere both in the home and at school, and the inadequacies in the parent child relationships result to more harm to the child than physical injury. In order to prevent delinquency, there needs to be increased efforts at enhancing the quality and concord within the family unit. Programs of pr evention that base on the general strain theory are usually designed to make family relations stronger through the improvement of communal conditions which play an essential role in enhancing healthy family living (Koopmans 88-93). Charles Manson’s world was such that he had no father and hence his family system was incomplete. Charles Manson was rejected by his mother who neglected him and thus this aversive behavior at home forced him to react in anger through criminal acts. b) While the placement of children in an institution is not desirable in some instances this has to happen. Children are placed in juvenile reform homes when their behavior is considered to have overreached the norms of society. Children are also placed in juvenile reform homes when they lack a family unit that is deemed capable of reforming them so that they can fit in society. For a child to be placed in a juvenile delinquent home there has to be proof of non reformation after punishment is meted out. A good scenario is the case of Charles Manson whose mother is an alcoholic and he has no father. Charles Manson starts to engage in crime art a very early age and it is clear that his mother has no control over him or she does not care. Manson gets punished for criminal activity several times which results into his commitment to a juvenile reform home. He is committed to a juvenile ref

Six Thousand Women Missing in Top Management Jobs Assignment

Six Thousand Women Missing in Top Management Jobs - Assignment Example A sizeable proportion of women is not being seen at the top echelons of management in public, private or legal bodies. The phenomenon is being observed across nations despite the development index or political ideology and is also not specific to certain sectors but is spread across sectors with some variations. Equal Opportunity Commission recently in a study (as cited by Curtis 2007) informed that the glass ceiling is holding back women in Britain from top 6000 positions to attain the representative proportion. A survey by PricewaterhouseCoopers (2006) showed that in Cyprus, women hold only 12 % of the top executive positions. African women hold only 0.9% of key management positions and the world over the average percentage of women ranges between 10% and less on both sides of the Atlantic. (Mnganga, 2003). Most of these studies also observed that women are entering the workforce with equal qualifications but progress to top echelons is hampered. International Labour Organisation ( ILO) noted in its proceedings (ILO, 1998) that "women's access to top management posts was still severely restricted though they frequently matched or exceeded their male counterparts in terms of formal qualifications and technical know-how". There are three issues attached to this phenomenon requiring incisive inquiry. Where do these women disappear & what happens to them Does it matter and to whom What should be done, if it matters Where do these women disappear & what happens to them Women are valued if they take care of family responsibilities and vice versa. Working mothers try to balance work and family. Visible and often invisible barriers emerge from the sexual division of labor. The work culture also has a long inheritance of male dominance, which celebrates masculine qualities nested in late hours, old boy's network and informal networks. (ILO, 1998). The task of balancing both the worlds take its toll and many women start treading on a stagnated path and do not actualize their potential. Some quit in between to remain at home and in the process strengthening the stereotyped role of women and probably not even fuelling the ambitions of next-generation daughters to conquer the sky. Though some of these women break away to form their own enterprises and studies suggest that these enterprises do remarkably well. Only very few women succeed in breaking the glass ceiling. (Treanor, 2007; Bawden, 2007).  

Personal Responsibility Essay Example for Free

Personal Responsibility Essay An individual has a duty to look after self. This is achievable through maintaining a certain level of concern and cultivating in the ways of caring for self. A human being has esteem needs which need to be maintained in order to feel whole and complete. The variables in personal responsibility occur in one self and their decision to accept themselves as they are. The focus on personal responsibility engages an individual to be confident in personal affairs as well as life. Personal responsibility is a commitment to the application of the issues one has an individual dedication to undertake. One ought to believe in individual ability to follow the aspects of personal responsibility. This is portrayed by individuals when they uphold the mission and goals in their lives . When one sets a target in life, following it is a choice and one choosing not to give up is a commitment in the responsibility of that person’s life. Persisting and not giving up in a person’s responsibility is a property of commitment and dedication in one’s life. The aspect of applying all the energy one may have is a reflection of the areas where one is being responsible to accommodate the pressure in. Therefore, dedication to excellence and doing the good things in life for development of self is a reflection of personal responsibility. When an individual is concentrating on making life comfortable and making it pleasing, the level of commitment is certainly high. Individual’s morals and decision making which may be hard to make are examples of commitment to one’s personal values, which is a responsibility to self. The image that one commits to portray to the society is cultivated inside, hence it is a detail to show dedication to personal growth and respect. Personal responsibility gives a positive growth to life when an individual has the obligation and feeling that they have a direction to make it. Personal responsibility instills values in an individual that are very helpful in their life. Through personal responsibility, an individual will learn how to be determined and never back down to obstacles. This is a positive experience when difficult situations come up. Courage and self determination are portrayed in an individual. One obtains trust with self and with other people by maintaining a level of self responsibility. The way one portrays these aspects with confidence is the same way the other people will acknowledge them. Personal responsibility gives one power and the confidence to accept responsibilities in the various disciplines in life that may arise. It is a great influence of the decisions we make. This shows other people that we are mature people and can be bestowed roles of responsibility and positions for us to take care of. Personal responsibility refers to the aspect in which individuals are in charge of themselves and their lives, taking care of the way they think and feel. This involves being concerned more about their affairs, self satisfaction and comfort ability. Maintaining a mental and physical healthy and keep clear emotions and treating oneself with respect is essential in achieving personal responsibility. This obligation to oneself causes individuals to be accountable to their lives and forces them to put across some conditions or rules in their lives. The achievement of goals is triggered by some of these rules. Responsibility of self is paramount in ensuring the achievement of a positive living attitude.

Philosophy of Money Essay -- Economics Science Papers

Philosophy of Money This article is an attempt to sketch a philosophical view of money as a social phenomenon. I show that the way to understand the substance of money is to analyze its meaning as a medium of exchange in connection with its meaning as a purpose of exchange, thereby providing an investigation of its social value. This approach has been used by many of the great philosophers and economists of the past, but not today. Modern economics is a policy oriented theoretical discipline and concentrates its efforts on solving practical tasks. I hope to contribute a philosophical approach to economic research. Money is a reality, a permanent feature of our everyday lives. It gives our lives a particular rhythm, a particular  «charm », a particular perception of the world and our place in it. Money creates problems when we do not have it, and yet more problems when we do have it. But it is only an illusion that we are in control of our money: in actual fact we do not notice how subtly and intensively it exercises control over us. Money makes us both master and slave. Our power over money is real only inasmuch as we are able to understand its power over us. Man has sought to understand the essence of money for many centuries. Philosophers and economists, statesmen, writers, even poets have written about money. (1) Money has been lauded and cursed, it has been dreamed of and disdained. What is money - good or evil? It brings stability and instability and makes people looking for and running away from it. Money is capable of creating and destroying, of uniting and disuniting. It makes people partners and rivals and can influence the fate of individuals and whole nations. But what does money bring - freedom or depende... ... (13)  «The ideal purpose of money, as well as of the law, is to be a measure of things without being measured itself, a purpose that can be realized fully only by an endless development ». (G.Simmel. The Philosophy of Money/ Ed. by D.Frisby.- L., N.Y.: Routledge. 1995, p.511) (14)  «Exchange » is here treated in its broadest sense as the alienation of all that man gives to society and the appropriation of all that he receives from society. (15) G.Simmel. The Philosophy of Money./ Ed. By D.Frisby.- L.., N.Y.: Routledge, 1995 (16) We agree that fundamental theoretical research in economics cannot be effective without philosophy.  «What are the prospects for bridging disciplinary boundaries and for strengthening the collaboration between economists and philosophers? » (D.Hausman.Essays on philosophy and economic methodology.-Cambridge University Press.1992, p.230)

Metabical: Communications Plan Essay

1. Introduction Metabical is a bran new revolutionary weight loss drug, developed by the Cambridge Science Pharmaceuticals, which expects the final approved by the FDA (US Food and Drug Administration). As soon, as the FDA approves it, the product is going to be launched. Metabical is clinically proven to be a very effective drug for the weight-loss in moderately overweight people with the BMI 25-30. 2. Background The statistics show, that not less than 70 % of participants of the Marketing Survey for the weight-loss products are unhappy with their current weight. 35 % of them are trying actively to lose weight via any means. 15 % of them do not mind the usage of the weight-loss products to help them in losing weight. 65 % of the adult population of the United States is considered as the overweight or obese. Many of the members of focus groups claim that they starve themselves with diets and suffer from the intensive exercising; however, they do not get the desired results as quick and easy as they want them to be. These facts show the need of the market for the weight-loss products. Overweight and obesity become global problems nowadays. Pharmaceutical companies try to find the solutions to these problems by creating weight-loss drugs. These are the pills, which have to be taken regularly for a period of time. They serve as an additional aid to the weight-loss program of a person. It is best to combine them with healthy diet and regular exercising. 3. The Situation Analysis Company Analysis Cambridge Science Pharmaceuticals (CSP) is a global pharmaceutical company based in Cambridge, US. In 2007, it had a remarkable sales record of $25 billion. Currently, it is ready to launch a very promising drug in the weight-loss field, which will greatly impact the company’s future. With correct positioning, it has all the chances of becoming a new market leader and a holder of the monopoly on the market. Competitor Analysis The weight-loss drug market is new to business society and it is still developing; however, it is highly competitive. Currently, the OTC product monopoly is held by a few competitive products: Alli, Xeniacal4 and Ephedra. The advantages of the Metabical product on its competitors are crucial. Metabical is the first weight-loss drug, which is potentially approved by the FDA in all the aspects – it is the safest weight-loss drug on the market. It means, that it does not have so many side effects, as the competitor’s products do. For example, there have been many cases of heart-death, caused by the regular usage of the Ephedra product, and a lot of liver damages cause by Xenical4. Out of all these drugs, Alli is the only one, which got approved by the FDA; so, one can say that it is the number one competitor for the Metabical product on the market. Even though it got approved, it is much less safe to consume than Metabical product. Alli causes a lot of side effects as the loose stools, abdominal pain, and increased defecation incontinence, when a person consumes it with too much fat. Another advantage of Metabical is the program itself. It is longer and better balanced than the Alli’s one. Unlike its competitors, it offers an individual exercise plan and a personal support component. The price tag of $3 – $5 for Metabical can be considered relatively inexpensive to the competitors’ products and with all the benefits it gives. It is also much easier to use than the competitors’ products (1 pill a day versus 1 pill per meal). The duration of the effect of the Metabical pill is also better than the one of the competitors’ products. The main difference of the Metabical product from all its potential competitors is its vision and philosophy. It focuses on the improvement of the product from the health perspective, making it safer to use for its consumers with the least amount of side effects, while the other companies try to strengthen the effects of their product, so, that the results will be noticed earlier. This is very important, because the customers of the weight-loss products do not want just to lose the weight, but become healthy in all of the aspects. Consumer Analysis Since the Metabical is a weight-loss drug, and it is already known that its target costumers have a Body Mass Index varying from 25 to 30 units, it is easy to determine and choose the segments of the potential consumers. Mostly, these are the average people, who are very concerned about the overweight and obesity issue. They may suffer from the exceed of weight and they are highly motivated in fighting with it. They attend the gym regularly, exercise a lot, and struggle with healthy diets; however, this is still not enough for them to lose the exceeding weight. Metabical is not a solution, but a great aid in fighting with their problem. Some overweight people do not care about or even do not notice their problem, so, Metabical do not see them as the primary costumers. The gender of the potential customers is most of the cases feminine. As studies show, women tend to care and put much more attention into their physical appearance, than men do. In addition, studies say that 75 % of overweight women are not happy with their weight and 60 % tried to fight with their exceed of weight with different methods but failed. The age of the potential Metabical consumers is also easy to determine. It is known, that most of the people become more and more concerned with their weight when they are getting older and older. When a person reaches his physical size and stops growing, his body changes – the calories gained per day do not go into the growth, but the fat. These fats are very hard to fight, and even the exceeding exercising at this age is not a solution. The fat usually becomes a problem at the age of 25-35. The Metabical drug is averagely priced; however, not everybody can afford it. It is never given out for free, since, the overweight is not considered an illness. The consumer has to have salary of funds, which can cover the full Metabical diet program. He also has to have an access to the gym and can afford to buy healthy products. The estimated income of the Metabical consumer is $40’000+ a year, so, this is a middle-class person. Also, the studies show, that the single people tend to care more about their physical appearance, than the married / in relationship ones, especially, the women. The relationship status of the Metabical customer can be identified as single / actively searching. Also, there are the sub-segments of the customers on the market – Metabical consumers can be divided in two kinds: some want to use the product to look good, others, who want to be healthier. The first type of the customers are usually younger (25+), the second type are older (35+). The first sub-segment is considered as the priority for the Metabical product. This is explained by the philosophy of the drug: it is made for the people, who want to be healthy and not just slim. CSP puts a lot of effort in making Metabical a safe product to use on the first place. As a conclusion, the target costumer of the Metabical product is usually an overweight woman (BMI 25-30), aged 25+, with the yearly income of $40’000+ (middle class). She usually has a college education. Her self-esteem is low and she is either worried that she does not look good or she wants to become healthier. She is a workingwoman or a housewife, usually single. She attends the gym regularly and stays on a strict healthy diet. She is very motivated and willing to fight with her problem via any means. Product Analysis Metabical is a prescription weight-loss drug developed by CSP. It is consumed in the form of pills one time a day. It costs $3 – $5 a day. The average duration of the Metabical treatment program is 12 weeks. The cost of the program varies from $252 to $420. The drug is prescribed to the overweight people with the BMI of 25 to 30, and is not as effective on the consumers with higher BMI. To achieve the maximum effectiveness of the drug, the individual diet and the exercise program have to be developed and followed during the usage of the Metabical. As any other weight-loss drug, Metabical has some side effects. They are similar to the ones of Alli (gastrointestinal discomfort) but much less noticeable. They may appear if a person combines the consumption of the Metabical drug with a lot of fatty foods. At this stage, it awaits the final approval of the FDA, and will be launched, as soon, as it gets the approval.

New Heritage Doll Company Write-up Essay

Introduction New Heritage Doll Company is a firm that has ventured into doll production which has sought to extend its brand in order to broaden its market framework and more importantly capitalize on high levels of customer loyalty. The vice president of the Company, Emily Harris, is to forward her project proposal to the Budgeting Committee for evaluation. The Vice-president’s objective for proposing the project was based on potential to strengthen the Company’s division of production and drive future growth. Emily Harris has to produce a compelling project to avoid the committee from declining the proposal. Basis of Assessment There are two projects between which the company can choose from or drop the proposals in their entirety. The methods of project evaluation would be based on discounting cash flows analysis and thereafter determining the Net Present Value (NPV) of each of the proposed project with Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index and Payback Period. If the project has a positive NPV, it would suggests the project is generating more cash than is required to service the debt and provide the appropriate returns; thus, the higher NPV, the better it is for the company. The project proposal with the positive and highest NPV, IRR and profitability index along with the shortest payback period would be acceptable for investment. New Heritage Doll Company managed to produce a capital budgeting structure in order to evaluate the revenue generated in the Doll industry. It is clearly evident that a segment of the Doll industry generates income progressively with an increasing rate of 4.6%. Cash flows forecast is used to capture the incremental effect of a proposed project in order to acknowledge the breakeven point and profit or loss time frame. If the company continues with its investment in the toy and game segment, it is going to experience the economies of scale and have high operating profits. However, for a company  to embrace another project proposal, it has to evaluate its financial capacity to fund the project. Thus, any project which does not generate significant revenue, the company must cultivate the capital rationing. Similarly, the company must consider some factors in the assessment of project’s risk, such as whether the project product’s required new traders or consumers who are willing to accept the goods or services rendered by the company; where the project proposal requires high level of the fixed costs, the project to be appraised is at very high risk considering such costs do not generate high returns; sensitivity of the selling price of the finished goods, and high level of breakeven production volumes. The prudent way to evaluate the company’s feasibility whether or not to inves t on a new venture is by analyzing the returns or the operating profits. If the firm’s expects to experience some losses, it should reject the proposal. However, if the firm is operating at a breakeven point, the company may have the option to forecast whether it is an on-going concern. Problem Identification The Heritage Doll Company is appraising two proposed projects, Match My Doll Clothing and Design Your Own Doll. Emily Harris, vice president of the company’s production division must have compelling reasons to influence the budgeting department to accept the project for implementation. The theoretical reasons behind Match My Doll Clothing to be implemented by the company budgeting committee is that the products produced fully match all seasonal clothing for the young girls and their preferred doll; the popularity of the company’s product; and it is the best time for expansion due to its popularity. The reasons for choosing Design Your Own Doll is that the company’s products would have high correlation with the consumers; the company’s doll can be customized based on the tastes and preferences of the consumers; permanent customer loyalty; dolls demand a strong selling probability; and the company’s potential to strengthen its future growth. However, the company is also limited to take this project due to several constrains including: low production runs and volumes, limited gradation of customization increased manufacturing complication; increase in production and development costs for the technology modification and infrastructure. One of the key distinctions between the two projects is that Design Your Own Doll and Match My Doll Clothing are two mutually exclusive projects. Their  cash flows are related and have the same function and they compete with each other meaning that the acceptance of one project eliminates consideration of the other project. DCF and Sensitivity Analysis The Company should maximize on cash management by capital rationing on the project accepted. NPV of the project should be implemented as it reflects the time value of money invested in the accepted project. Similarly this can be further elaborated by computation of IRR of both project proposal. The analysis was performed by comparing the two projects using the same fixed terminal growth rate of 3% because both projects include a terminal growth rate element. For both projects, it would also be beneficial to know how the terminal growth rate value is generated. Because the â€Å"medium†- risk projects in the production division received a discount rate of 8.4% in 2010, this rate was used for the Match My Doll Clothing line’s DCF analysis. Design Your Own Doll project is long-term project and it is considered to have a higher risk; thus, the rate of 9.00% was used in the analysis. The results of the analysis are presented below. Design Your Own Doll Match My Doll Clothing NPV = $7,310.21 The NPV is positive – the project is feasible. NPV = $7,139.18 The NPV is positive – the project is feasible. IRR=18.24% IRR=23.6% Profitability Index = 1.26 Profitability Index = 2.03 Payback Period = 9.3 years Payback Period = 9.2 year Recommendations From the Working Capital requirements assumptions, Design Your Own Doll requires a higher amount of working capital than Match My Doll Clothing; however, the results of the analysis of the Operating Profit show that Design Your Own Doll line would generate a higher operating profit than that  of the Match My Doll Clothing line. Also, Design Your Own Doll generates higher cash flows compared to the Match My Doll Clothing and this is another argument for choosing Design Your Own Doll for its investment. From the NPV method standpoint, the NPV rule chooses a project in terms of net dollars or net financial impact on the company; thus, it can be easier to use when allocating capital. Also, NPV method requires an assumed discount rate and also assumes that this percentage rate will be stable over the life of the project. In the real world, this assumption does not always work because the interest rates are fluctuating. From the analysis, both of the projects are feasible but Design Your Own Doll has the higher NPV than the Match My Doll Clothing line. IRR method doesn’t assume a discount rate and the worthiness of the investment is purely a function of the internal inflows and outflows of that particular investment. However, IRR does not assess the financial impact on a firm; it only requires meeting a minimum return rate. The internal rate of return is the most critical method to determine the decision option for accepting the project proposal. Also, the highest operating rate of returns with the shortest payback period of the cost of capital is opted to be accepted. From the analysis, Match My Doll Clothing line has the higher IRR than the Design Your Own Doll line. In conclusion, even though both projects are feasible and Design Your Own Doll has the higher NPV, Match My Doll Clothing line project has a higher IRR, profitability index and a shorter payback period. Thus, the budgeting committee should accept Match My Doll Clothing line instead of Design Your Own Doll since Match My Doll Clothing line has the higher IRR, profitability and the shortest payback period. The NPV of both proposals are not significantly different.

Network Architectures Essay

Network Architectures Essay Network Architectures Essay Consultants Analysis Report on Enterprise Systems Josh Brennan 03/03/2015 IT. 401 Colorado Technical University (Online) Page Intentionally Left Blank Table of Contents Project Outline Phase 1 IP 4 Description of the project 5 System Requirements 6 Type chapter title (level 1) 7 Type chapter title (level 2) 8 Type chapter title (level 3) 9 Project Outline The consultants Analysis Report of Enterprise System will focus primarily on the architecture of a company known as PPBOCES. We will be going over the key aspects as to what the most fitting architecture is, what the system requirements are, what resources will be used, the security and any final recommendations that may be offered. PPBOCES is an organization in Colorado Springs, Colorado that not only supports the school that we share a building with but a number of different schools around eastern Colorado that include; Hanover High School, Edison High School, Calhan High School and few others. We have approximately five network technicians that are responsible for the installation, maintenance and repair of the servers, WiFi systems, workstations, peripherals that are on our network. We have three different servers, up to 200-300 workstations online at a time as well as a number of VOIP phones, wireless devices and printers. System Requirements The system requirements are really the same throughout all schools as we installed and support each of them, making it easier for the technicians to learn the layout and structure of the network and then being able to keep it the same throughout in order for us to be more efficient in what we do. So, in regards to system requirements, I will be going over the general requirements of the systems. A typical school would include all of the following: Up to 60 desktop workstations (Includes two computer labs per school) Pre-installed with the latest version of the Microsoft Office, anti-virus software (SOPHOS) and must have internet access at all times. A laptop per teacher (Usually around 20-30) Pre-installed with the latest version of Microsoft Office, anti-virus software, NETOP Classroom Management and VPN access. Ipads for every student (Number varies per school) Pre-installed with ibooks, numbers, words and teachers had access to install any education based apps. Three network printers A VOIP phone in every classroom (Dependent on the amount of classrooms) As you can see above, there were quite a few devices that need to be attached to the network. We would create an account for every teacher, student and admins in order to regulate who had access. All desktops were connected via ethernet cable to the schools network, all laptops (which are the primary tools for the staff) was either connected to the network via bridged off of the VOIP phones or by a wireless access point that was strategically placed around the schools for best coverage. Our servers housed the file servers which are the most important part because it would allow students to use any workstation around the school and be able to start on the task that they left off of on, as long as it was correctly saved and requested. With all of the mentioned devices and system there was quite a bit of physical equipment that was needed, which include: Server Network Switches (We would install as much as needed to support all of the phones and desktops PoE switches for the wireless access points Power backup in each of the server rooms Wireless system that allows for the best coverage around the schools Ethernet cable Wireless system (such as routers) Our target users are most definitely the staff of the schools as well as the students. If we don’t provide the schools with the proper equipment, services and support then the schools would have to find another technical support company. We have to make sure that all workstations

15 College Halloween Costume Ideas

15 College Halloween Costume Ideas Forget finals, exams and mid-term papers: coming up with a costume idea for Halloween is real pressure. If youre sweating over what youll be dressing up as this year and want to avoid the tired out plays on pirates, zombies and vampires, we have 15 unique costume ideas that will score you points with fellow party-goers and overage trick-or-treaters. These unique ideas can be a great jumping off point to create your own look or to improve on great costumes of the past. 1. Favorite Internet Meme Every year brings its own crop of viral internet memes and heres your chance to celebrate your favorite. You can dress up as Grumpy Cat, Good Guy Greg, your favorite LOL cat or a combination of any of your favorite internet memes from the past several years. 2. Forgotten Comic Book Heroes Sure the X-Men, Superman and Batman get plenty of notice but what about Swamp Thing, Thor or If you want to show off your Geek Cred, dress up as Halk Kar, a superhero who had many of the same powers as Superman but to a lesser degree. Halk Kar was briefly thought to be Supermans older brother but it turned out he was from a different planet – Thoron – and was eventually scrapped by DC Comics. 3. Your Younger Self Break out the acid wash jeans, Dippity Do gel and velcro high tops. Dress up as your middle school or junior high self. Bonus points for dressing up as your Kindergarten self with accompanying yearbook photo. 4. Sexy Vader Pair up that Darth Vader mask with fetish PVC gear for a unique look sure to turn some heads. 5. Reality Show Fast Forward Pick your favorite (or your least favorite) reality show personality and dress as you predict theyll wind up 20 years from now. 6. Made by Lego Drag out that plastic bin of Legos and start building. People online have started developing instructions, blueprints and tips for building masks from plain Lego blocks. Use their instructions to create Star Wars inspired masks or create your own and upload it. 7. Lego Man Its also easy and fun to dress up as the original Lego Man. Use Large Construction Tubing to make his head (it will need to fit over your own head) and cover with Yellow Duct Tape. Build a blocky red shirt with cardboard and red tape or contact paper. Cut arm holes in the sides and wear a long sleeved red tee shirt underneath. Finish it off with black trousers and yellow rubber gloves. 8. Loading †¦. Get a picture of your own face or of a celebrity or whoever you want to use as a mask. Run it through an online filter to pixelate it and go as a slow loading jpeg or an 8-bit version of that person. 9. A Suessy Solution Going as your favorite Dr. Seuss character can take some planning. Hit up cosplay friends for tips on making sweeping takes, furry hats and prosthetic makeup to make the characters come to life. 10. Zipper Face Grab yourself a zipper either from those jeans that will never fit again or pick up a new one at a fabric store. Paint the whole thing (unzipped) with clear nail polish so it wont turn your face green and then use spirit gum or facial adhesive to plaster it half zipped onto your face. You can do down your nose and have the zipper open right over your mouth or go side to side. Paint each section of your face a different color or use it as a foundation for a monstrous makeover. The use of a real zipper adds a lot to the impact of the costume. Find out more on how to apply Halloween makeup from one of our blog posts. 11. Going as a Group Planning your costume with a group of friends opens a world of ideas. Gather up a few of your best mates and go as a group of Tetris pieces Paper, Rock, Scissors the Spice Girls the Evolution of Madonna the South Park gang Calvin and Hobbes 12. The World in Black White Use monochrome clothes, face paint, black lipstick and dark accessories to go as yourself in Black White. 13. Get Punny If youre a fan of word play, dress as a pun. A bra and two cups of spice bottles turns you into an instant Spice Rack. If you have red hair (and youre a guy) you can tie some bread around your neck and wist and go as a Gingerbread Man. 14. Frame It If youre willing to support a cardboard frame for the evening, you have several options. Framed options include the Mona Lisa walking FaceBook live action YouTube Video 15. Not Dressing Up is Still a Costume If you find yourself at the 11th hour with no costume, no money and no time, dont despair. Grab a white t-shirt and a sharpie and write Error 404: Costume Not Found. You may not win any prizes but at least it counts as a costume. By the way, this costume remains on top of the list for years. Weve even added it to our list of The Best Halloween Costumes for College Guys. Bonus Clowns are really creepy. If you want all your friends be scared of you, try to wear a clown costume. There are many variations of it; therefore, weve completed the entire blog post with Scary Clown Costume Ideas for This Halloween. Have an epic costume idea? Share it below!

Eugenics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Eugenics - Essay Example Uninformed parents choose the abortion option at the first sign of there being an abnormality with their unborn baby, causing a major decline in the birth rates of babies with abnormalities such as Down Syndrome(DS) and Cystic Fibrosis(CF). The author further says that cystic fibrosis is no longer the threat it was once considered, thanks to the advancement in modern science. Hence all the babies diagnosed with it and subsequently hurriedly aborted could have had a chance at life. He says that parents are usually given bits and pieces of information which is not enough to reach a decision. The article is very thought provoking, especially when you think about how easy it is to be misdiagnosed. A human should not decide the fate of another human being, no matter what the reasoning behind the decision. Killing an unborn baby out of fear that it may be a drain on resources makes us no different from people belonging to ancient cultures considered uncivilized and barbaric. Works Cited Sm ith, Wesley J. â€Å"Politically Correct Eugenics: Brownback and Kennedy do the Right Thing.† The Weekly Standard. The Weekly Standard LLC., 31 Mar. 2008. Web. 22 Mar. 2011.

Should the authorities control what is show in TV Essay

Should the authorities control what is show in TV - Essay Example They would say that the authorities were put in place by the majority of the population so this gives them the right to ban something they may deem offensive. This essay will present both sides of the argument and will debate the pros and cons of each. Those who argue against censorship of television would say that the state has no right to interfere with the lives of its citizens. The state regulates television programming based on commissions that it has set up in order to look into this issue. The state has a role to protect its citizens from harmful programming that may offend a significant amount of viewers. Where people disagree with state censorship of television is that one particular thing may be censored but not another. What are the guidelines and boundaries that are used to determine whether something is suitable or not for television? Who is in charge of deciding what to censor and what not to censor? Opponents of television censorship would say that they are educated en ough to make their own decisions about what is appropriate for them and their families. It should be the role of the state to provide as much television programming as possible and then the individual viewer can decide if something is okay or not. Basically, this comes down to first amendment rights—a citizen has the freedom of speech to choose what he may or may not do.

How may genetic and epigenetic phenomena influence cardiovascular risk Essay

How may genetic and epigenetic phenomena influence cardiovascular risk by altering the pathophysiology of plasma lipoproteins - Essay Example The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is also increasing because of the trend of aging of the population (Rayner and Petersen 2008). One of the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases is high cholesterol and saturated fat that is incorporated in significant amounts in everyday diet (Emberson et al. 2003). Programs for saturated fat reduction in the diet in the general population has lead to significant improvement of cholesterol levels in the population of Finland for example, where the program for saturated fat reduction in everyday’s diet lead to significant reduction of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (Laatikainen et al. 2005). Introduction of effective treatment of dyslipidemia is another factor that can significantly reduce the incidence of morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. ... ations influence the level of blood lipids within one individual, but also the personal diet has important influence of the effectiveness of statins and other pharmaceuticals (Kajinami et al. 2005). The metabolism of lipids in the organism is complex and is managed by multiple organs and systems. The main lipids in the human organism are the free and esterified cholesterol and triglycerides. Reabsorption of triglycerides starts in enterocytes with the transporters of fatty acids. In the enterocytes fatty acids are then reconstructed into triglycerides and organized with C ester and apolipoproten B48 into chylomicrons by microsomal trygliceride transfer protein (MTTP). This protein is important in normal transport and resorption of triglycerides. Defects in this protein can lead to inherited disease characterized with very low levels of low density lipoproteins LDL called abetalipoproteinemia (Tarugi et al. 2007). But also genetic variations of this protein which is very important in production of chylomicrons in the intestine and VLDL in the liver, are found to be important in the incidence of dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients (Chen et al 2003). In the study conducted by Chen et al 2003, using gene sequencing they studied the influence of MTTP gene polymorphism and its influence on the triglyceride levels in diabetic patients. It was found that the so called MTTP-493 TT variation of the gene was associated with increased triglyceride and VLDL levels and smaller LDL particle size. In this study we can see that a gene variation is found to be directly connected to elevated triglycerides levels in the blood. But the second important finding in this study was the fact that the same group of individuals had findings of smaller size LDL particles, finding

The differences between offshoring and outsourcing

The differences between offshoring and outsourcing OFF-SHORING is moving a part or whole of a process from home country to another country but to a unit of the same company. It usually involves setting up a process in a country where the firm also has its unit. [1] e.g. MNCs having their offices in multiple countries may be involved in off-shoring processes. IBM, HP off shoring to India to make use of the talented engineers pool. For many years international trade has just been about trading completed products across the globe. But due to technology and transportation ease, it has lead to tasks being off shored thus adding value to global supply chains. [2]This is usually done to reduce cost, increasing pool of innovation; expanding into new markets, recruiting for special skills in every country, thus developing a strong human resource and various such reasons. OUT-SOURCE on the other hand involves one company doing a task for another. [1] Outsourcing may not only aid cost reduction but also help in achieving operational excellence.eg payroll outsourcing to HR consultancies .E.g. Accenture. [4]This helps in resourcing the operations from the best work pool in the desired functional area. Figure 1 OFF-SHORE OUTSOURCING is like a combination of the two. It involves both, getting another company from another country to perform a task or process of a firm. Globalisation has been the key driver to such activities. Earlier such activities were performed by relatively low skilled workers. These activities were primarily seen in manufacturing industries but now it has explored into service sector and attracted high skilled work. Increased competition ,need for reducing cost ,skilled and cheap workforce has driven globalisation, but these also attract high effort and risk thus making it advantageous and disadvantageous at the same time.eg Massachusetts General hospital in USA offshore outsourcing interpretation of CT scans to radiographers in India. [1] We will hereon discuss primarily on OFF-SHORE OUTSOURCING. The discussion would consider two parameters, firstly the advantages and disadvantages of Off-shore outsourcing on Western economies like UK USA and emerging economies like India, China, Brazil, Kenya and secondly its effect on the respective workforces. Offshore outsourcing is beneficial for the western economies in various ways, such as the production or service providing costs are high in these economies owing to the high living cost, area cost, transportation and telecommunication cost. Thus if companies from these economies move off-shore and outsource their production or services task it would cost them less, this would also give them a strong grounding for competing globally . E.g. Loake UK based shoe manufacturer offshore outsources its process in France India and then the final assembly takes place in UK. The cost saved can be invested in home country. Off-shore outsourcing also helps western economy companies in expanding their clientele in new unharnessed markets with great potential, their thus the company grows globally E.g. The western universities get major funding through international students from India and China due to outsourcing, attraction of students by various educational advisor companies like Edwise(India), Chopras(India). Microsoft has offshore outsourced its IT work to India; this has led to increased recognition of Microsoft there and thus increased sales. Off-shore outsourcing also fosters round the clock working, harnessing the time zone differences. E.g. Many USA firms outsource their system management to Indian software engineers, thus when the companies close down in USA the computers can be updated or fixed via software engineers in India (K Dice India Pvt. Ltd.)[9] due to the approximately 12 hr difference in time zone. [1][3][7] .Offshore outsourcing may also boost innovation. Flexibility, off load work: You can create capacity for higher margin work in internal sources. This of course creates flexibility in the company ensuring the optimum utilization of the available resources within the company. MachroTech offers you an  offshore outsourcing model  which combines the best of its onshore and  Offshore Software Outsourcing  resources, to provide you with the flexibi lity to operate your business flawlessly [7]. Western companies can benefit from operational excellence by outsourcing specific consultants to bring out high performance .e.g. PWC, TCS are being outsourced by companies to carry out financial or HR consulting. Thus western economies can benefit from various offshore outsourcing like software development, managing HR tasks like pay rolls, legal outsourcing, RD, interpreting CT scan, medical transcription, accounting (PWC), data entry etc. Due to globalization and linking of economies across the globe, this would result in benefits for the emerging economies too. Majorly, the GDP of exports increase in the emerging economies .Their local currency becomes strong .Foreign direct investment in these economies increase. This leads to development of these economies. Poverty and malnutrition is on the verge of eradication in these economies.[8] Other not so direct effect of offshore outsourcing over emerging economies are adopting new mannerisms, developing English as a primary business language thus reducing linguistic issues, increasing the standard of living of people in emerging economies. Off-shore outsourcing may also be from emerging markets to developed economy market serving as offshore outsourcing destination. E.g. Nasscom the premier trade body and the chamber of commerce of the IT-BPO industries in India has offshore outsourced its financial reporting to McKinsey (UK).[5][6] As it has been mentioned earlier Off-shore outsourcing also has its own disadvantages, for the western companies or the emerging market companies it would mean loss of control over the production or service. This may be because the offshore outsourced company may not work diligently. This will lead to production losses or unsatisfactory service to the customers. With time zone difference follows the problem of communication, transparency of work. Linguistic barriers and cultural misfits all these impacts business on the long run. [10] With offshore outsourcing increase, the imports to the western countries increase thus increasing trade deficit. [3] Off-shore outsourcing also brings along various risks: Project execution risks that would mean loss of full transparency in how the work is being done. Whether the personnel offshore or company offshore is working diligently and not showing a slack behaviour towards their duties. Intellectual Property risks that pertain to sharing the sensitive details and technological details of the company with the outsource destination company. This usually leads to counterfeiting of pharmaceuticals, luxury products etc. and thus this may lead to less sales for originally producing companies and greater sales for the companies that outsource since they have the technical know- how and produce and sell the same goods at a lower rate. Various other legal risks are also seen [11]. Now to discuss about the advantages and disadvantages due to offshore-outsourcing in western company and emerging market countries with respect to their workforce. As far as offshore outsourcing is concerned any company when involves any other company in its process has to deal with organisational culture change, thus workforce have to accept the change n move on or else they might be laid out. Western economy workforce has some advantages. If it gets some of its task outsourced like it may help the employees in moving to higher jobs, higher salary, higher standard of living, good incentives. [1] According to Rajan n Wei(2004)the number of jobs that loose on outsourcing are gained back due to in sourcing[3].Employees can choose to work in rotational shifts, thus giving them flexibility in working hours, since offshore outsourcing provides round the clock working options. English being their own language they have fewer language troubles, since its the basic business language. But offshore outsourcing has major disadvantages for the workforce of the western countries because the basic minimum wage in these countries are higher than in emerging market companies thus mass layoffs are happening. To retain their jobs the western company employees have to work at lesser pay, what makes matter difficult is that in these countries cost of living is very high and thus low salary will lead people to poverty. According to AT Kearneys 2011 Global Services Location Index (GSLI) the top three positions in outsourcing destinations are occupied by India, China, and Malaysia [13]. So automatically outsourcing brings in many advantages to emerging economy workforce. It brings great employment opportunities to these emerging economies. This is due to availability of skilled and yet cheap labour. This helps in increasing the standard of living of all the people, this leads to happier family life, better educated kids, more hygiene, health, socially conscious people helps the country and its economy as a whole. Knowledge base of the people increase. Due to outsourcing companies working round the clock, it gives rise to rotational shifts this leads to flexible working hours, and thus theres job that suits to everyones timing. There is a lower chance of brain drain. The workforce is more dedicated, and thus the results are great. This leads to motivation and better working. [3] The developing country workforce learns the western style of working, thus becomes more organized, independent and goal oriented. There are a few disadvantages too for the workforce of emerging economy companies like due to time differences between the home and host country ,employees may unwillingly have to work at rotational shifts.eg TCS employees join the company at regular office timing but the work begins only in accordance to the country that has outsourced work at TCS ,thus long working hours. Thus the workforce works under stressful condition. They get paid lesser than their western country counterpart. Emerging market companies usually have unhealthy or unethical working environment .E.g. Tesco, ASda Primark outsourcing to Bangladesh but using child labour and unhealthy conditions. [14] Linguistic issues, cultural misfits also pose to be de-motivating for the workforce. Thus offshore outsourcing tries to reduce the difference between the emerging and western economies, creating the world a knowledgeable, friendly, culturally one place to live in. Although everything has its pro and cons, its the riskier thing that fetches more. So I consider offshore outsourcing very lucrative.

The Impact of Globalization on Poverty Essay -- Outsourcing, Offshorin

Globalization has helped raise the standard of living for many people worldwide. It has also, however, driven many deeper into poverty. Small businesses and third world countries are not capable of updating their technology as often as their larger, wealthier counterparts. Unable to compete with multinational firms and wealthy nations, small businesses and third world countries and forced to do business locally, never growing and reaching their full potential. Technological advances are made daily throughout the world. However, it is expensive to rapidly make and transport these advances globally. This high production cost causes the consumer’s price to be unnecessarily high. Today, there are many countries in the world that cannot afford to pay such a high price for the latest technology, and by the time they can afford to pay, newer, more advanced technology exists. The democratization of technology benefits mainly the wealthier countries. Technological advances not only benefit wealthy countries, but also wealthier companies. Technological advancements allow countries and their companies worldwide publicity when they are successful. Because investors are able to easily invest on the Internet, on the telephone, and through facsimile machines, the profits of companies have increased greatly. Currency traders all over the world have also been able to update exchange rates and notify the public of the updates more rapidly. This has led to more desire to finalize deals because companies are able to be sure that they are receiving competitive exchange rates. Swissair, an airline based in Switzerland, even moved its entire accounting division from Switzerland to India simply because the accountants in India are among the best in the world. They were able to do this because all of the information from their new office halfway around the world was transmitted through the use of technologically advanced devices. Because labor is cheaper and the workers are more skilled in India, the company benefited in two ways. For the same reasons as in India, Thailand has moved from being primarily a rice-producing nation, to the world’s second largest producer of pickup trucks and fourth largest producer of motorcycles (Solbrig). As far back as the invention of the telephone, the countries with the best economies were the most technologically advanced. ... ...Claas van der Linde. Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship. Journal of Economic Perspectives. (Fall 2009) pp. 97-118. Solbrig, O. T. et al. Globalization and Technology. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2014. Tietenberg, Thomas. Globalization Economics. Addison Wesley: New York, 2011. pp. 561. pp. 7-11. Internet Sources Consulted "Globalization." - National Geographic Education. National Geographic, n.d. Web. 14 May 2015. LONDON. "When Did Globalisation Start?" The Economist. The Economist Newspaper, 23 Sept. 2013. Web. 15 May 2015. "Globalization." Defination & Example. Investing Answers, 2001-2014. Web. 15 May 2015. Olivero, Tina. "Globalization: Understanding the Impact of Globalization on Our World." Global Oil and Gas Industry News. 29 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 May 2015. Ager, Rob. "Collative Learning - Rob Ager." Collative Learning - Rob Ager. N.p., 2007. Web. 22 May 2015. Collins, Mike. "The Pros And Cons Of Globalization." Manufacturing . Net. Saving American Manufacturing, 28 June 2010. Web. 26 May 2015. Fitzpatrick, Liam. "The Best of Asia." Time. Time Inc., 27 Apr. 2007. Web. 26 May 2015.

Dog Food Essay

Dogs are probably the most common and numerous pet in World, and Mexico is not the exception for this rule. The purpose of this work is to analyze the characteristics of the demand for the dog food business in Mexico. This business has shown a CAGR of 3% during the last six years. Dog Food business is divided in three categories based on food type: Dry Dog Food, Wet Dog Food and Treats / Mixers. The most important category is Dry Dog Food with 89% far followed by Wet Dog Food with the 6%. There is another category division based on price: Super Premium, Premium and Standard. In terms of Market players there are 13 competitors in this category: The most important producers are EFFEM with 48% of market share and Nestle with 21%. Regarding brands, the most important are: Pedigree: 33%, Dog Chow 7%, Perfect Fit 5% and Eukanuba with the 5%. DogFood Brand Shares % 2008 DogFoodCompanyShares % 2008 Methodology For the analysis of the dog food market, it was necessary to do a research for the market trends (increase/decrease of dog population, education of the dog owners about benefits of dog food); the view of the dog owners about the dog food and its presentations, prices and quality. As well as the willingness of the dog owners to continue buying the dog food in the changing circumstances of the market (price raising, economic crisis, market substitutes, etc. ). The steps followed to achieve this objective are: 1. Bibliographic investigation of the market size for dog food in the Mexican market, the view of the dog owners, the companies producing dog food, price, substitutes. 2. Comparison of the indicated characteristics through and between years 3. Interpretation of the collected data to observe the market behavior for this particular industry, when faces changes in the dog owner view of the market, crisis or rising of prices. 4. Determination of the challenges faced by the industry. 5. Conclusions. Determinants of Demand: 1. -Price As up year 2008, the demand felt down 21% in comparison to previous year. Among the main reasons for this fall are: The row material cost of producers increased due to the Mexican currency devaluation. This fact â€Å"forced† the manufacturers to transfer the cost increase to the consumers. Since this market is considered an Oligopoly, the demand is elastic to the price changes. In addition, it is easy to find substitutes products; such as: Human food leftovers. The outcome of the described situation pushed the demand down. The â€Å"Mon and Pop† distribution channel leveraged the circumstances and offered the market Dog food in bulk. This strategy allowed them to maintain their sales in spite of the reduced total market. As a result, the producers decided to launch smaller size presentations, which in the long run stopped the sales fall, reducing the sales fall from 21% in 2008, down to only 3% in 2009. . -Marketing Initiatives -Dog owner emotional engagement fuels potential market growth Manufactures realized that the ratio of dog per household was still low, making evidence that there was still a significant growth potential. As a consequence, dog food producers encouraged diverse nonprofit associations to promote emotional engagement to the dog wellness. Dog owners started to care more about: Nutrition, health care and dog pampering. Therefore, the manufacturers found new market niches for new products, such as super premium brands focused on health enhancement or treats to pamper the dog. The current dog owning households ratio in Mexico has grown from 38. 3% in 2004 up to 40. 5% into to 2009. In order to exploit this booming market, different efforts have been done by producers, launching marketing campaigns such as: â€Å"Adopta un perro†. – Awareness of Dog Food benefits In addition, manufacturers realized that the ratio of dog food prepared vs. none prepared was too low in Mexico. Therefore, manufacturers began to develop marketing strategies in order to create a higher awareness of dog food benefits. These strategies were mainly implemented through: ) TV advertising campaigns Emotional situations between owner and pet were exploited by producers to encourage pet care i. e. EFFEMS Perfect fit showing a situation suggesting that the dog wants a balance life, such as the owner enjoys. b) Point of Purchase material. Additional exhibition at key seller â€Å"hot spots† were implemented to promote the different products benefits i. e. Hill Pet Nutr ition, which sells only through veterinary sale points, spread out brochures in the veterinary clinics and pet stores. c) Consumer Promotions Producers decided to increase sales volume in the short term by encourage the consumer through give away attractive items for each product bough i. e. Dog Chow promotion in which a dog bed was gave away when customer purchased a package of four kg and above; in a similar promotion, premium brand Beneful offered a free dog bowl. d) Sponsorships Producers developed different sponsorship programs to increment brand awareness i. e. â€Å"Incredible dog challenge†. e) Product Innovation In order to maintain, and even increase profit margin, producers improved the food formulations and packages. I-e. (Nestle’s effort to re-launch Campeon brand with a different formula using the slogan of â€Å"looking similar to human food†. All these efforts helped to reduce the shortfall of 8 pps showed between 2007 and 2008 down to only 1 pps between 2008 and 2009. Conclusions The market of dog food has changed in last few years, due of the changes in the perception of the pets inside families, mostly in developed countries. Dogs are the most common and numerous pets, and nowadays are treated as another member inside the family. Dog owners pamper their dogs, and care about the nutrition and general wellbeing of their animals. One of the findings about this market is that it has an elastic demand, strongly dependent of the income of the families in Mexico; as income decreases, the demand for dog food decreases as well. Besides, the dog food in Mexican market has one mayor (and almost free) substitute: the human food leftovers. Commonly, the families, mostly the low income ones, feed their dogs with the food they don’t use, or the parts of the meat markets that is not sold for human consumption. Because of that elastic demand, the industry had the need to change the ways producers do business. First, market players need ongoing innovation to adapt themselves to the changing needs of the market, such as: New and smaller size presentations, sales and marketing promotions, effective campaigns of education on how to feeding dogs with specialized and prepared food. These initiatives, along with dog adoption programs were key elements to increase market penetration. Currently, the industry of dog food is facing new challenges as low recovery of world economy, need of new formulation and customized and specialized products (aged dogs, puppies, small breeds, active dogs and sedentary dogs) demand from producers more effective sales promotions to change the mindset of the Mexican consumer about feeding dogs with the â€Å"leftovers†.

Appendix A

Title of artwork Artist's name(s) Medium Museum or institution who owns the work Paragraph in short essay form that includes the following: Formal analysis: Describe what you see and the design as a whole. History: In what art style does it fall? Interpretation: Is there any symbolism? Consider the following example: 1987 Landscape with Tree Oil on canvas Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York Landscape with Tree by George Smith is an example of American realist painting of the 20th century. The realist style has origins that trace back to the 19th-centuryFrench artist Gustavo Court. Smith is one of the few American artists still engaged in the realist manifesto, which rejects abstraction as a corrupt, elitist form of art. Landscape is an asymmetrical composition. The work achieves a sense of balance through counterbalancing the tree and moon on either side of the picture plane. Although composed in stark black-and-white, Smith's work achieves an expressive force created by the use of a dynamic, fluid line. The tree in art is often associated with life, renewal, and growth (Grove Art Online, 2007).Smith establishes a contrast between the tree's symbolism and the quarter moon. On your reference page, images found online must be cited as follows: Example electronic image citation: Author (Role of Author). (Year image was created). Title of work [Type of work]. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from: website address Example electronic image citation with no author: Title of work [Type of work]. (Year image was created). Retrieved Month Day, Year, from: website address Final Project Timeline You should budget your time wisely and work on your project throughout the course.As outlined below, some assignments in the course are designed to assist you in creating your final project. If you complete your course activities and use the feedback provided by the instructor, you will be on the right track to successfully complete your project. Suggested in Week One: Review recommende d websites listed in your Appendix B and your textbook and think about which broad area of art you want to research for the final project. Suggested in Week Two: Select a broad area of art, for example, architecture, sculpture, film, video art, installation art, performance art, painting, drawing, hydrotherapy, or Internet art.Suggested in Week Three: Within your chosen medium, think about one theme you want to research, such as Mexican fresco paintings or Buddhist sculptures. Suggested in Week Five: Submit the theme for facilitator feedback. Due in Week Six: Begin writing the 100-word paragraphs for your 10 selected works in short essay form. Suggested in Week Seven: Continue to write captions in short essay form. Suggested in Week Eight: Finalize timeline works and text. Include citations where appropriate. Due in Week Nine: Submit your final project.